Digestive problems, including ulcers in the esophagus or stomach, could increase the risk of Parkinson’s disease by 76 percent, according to a recent study. This finding has been corroborated by doctors in the UAE. The research, published in the European Medical Journal under the title 'Upper Gastrointestinal Mucosal Damage and Subsequent Risk of Parkinson Disease,' indicates that individuals with upper gastrointestinal mucosal disease are more likely to be diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease over a decade later compared to those without such conditions.
Dr. Mohamed Ahmed Elshobary, a specialist head and clinical lecturer at the Centre of Gastroenterology at Thumbay University Hospital, explained that the gut and brain are interconnected via the gut-brain axis. This connection means that digestive issues can impact brain function and the nervous system. For example, gut problems can trigger inflammation, which is linked to various neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's.
Doctors also emphasized that the gut produces essential chemicals like neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, which are crucial for regulating mood and cognitive functions. Consequently, digestive problems that affect the production of these chemicals could negatively impact brain health. Dr. Amal Upadhyay, a Consultant Gastroenterology and Hepatology at Medcare Hospital Sharjah, noted that the study also highlighted that patients with constipation and dysphagia were more likely to develop Parkinson’s disease later in life. These symptoms are well-known precursors of Parkinson’s disease, suggesting that gastrointestinal symptoms may appear long before neurological ones.
Medics further explained that the gut has a complex network of neurons similar to the brain, and many neurotransmitters are shared between these locations. A deficiency in neurotransmitters can manifest as both gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms. It is important to recognize that gut-related symptoms may appear much earlier in life. Factors contributing to these symptoms could include chronic use of medications, lifestyle choices, and more.
Healthcare professionals also pointed out that not only upper gastrointestinal issues but also lower gastrointestinal problems like constipation and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can act as risk factors for Parkinson’s disease if not managed effectively. Dr. Srinivas Patnaikuni, a Specialist Gastroenterology at Prime Hospital and Prime Medical Centre, Burjuman branch, stated that abnormal gut bacteria behavior can transmit pathological signals to the central nervous system through a process called molecular mimicry, supporting Braak’s hypothesis that Parkinson's disease originates in the gut in some patients.
Patnaikuni emphasized the importance of maintaining gut health to ensure normal gut microbiota. This includes consuming freshly prepared foods, adhering to a regular eating schedule, avoiding highly processed and stored foods, and limiting the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) supplements. Always consult an expert before making any dietary changes or starting new medications or supplements. Probiotic-rich foods are also crucial.
Other experts supported the study, reiterating that the correlation seems to be linked to the 'gut-brain axis,' where gastrointestinal damage, particularly involving conditions like ulcers, may contribute to the early development of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. Neeta Jhaveri, a Health Coach at Wellth, explained that this axis refers to the communication network between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain, mediated through neural, immune, and hormonal signals. In the UAE, while specific data on the correlation between GI ulcers and Parkinson’s disease is limited, the prevalence of Parkinson’s is on the rise.
