Nepal's recently appointed Prime Minister, KP Sharma Oli, is scheduled to undergo a confidence vote on July 21, just a week after assuming office. Oli, aged 72 and chairman of the CPN-UML (Communist Party of Nepal--Unified Marxist Leninist), was appointed by President Ram Chandra Paudel on July 14, succeeding Pushpa Kamal Dahal who failed to secure a parliamentary confidence vote. Oli took his oath as Prime Minister for the fourth time on July 15. CPN-UML Chief Whip Mahesh Bartaula revealed that Prime Minister Oli has communicated with the Parliament Secretariat, emphasizing that an early confidence vote would facilitate his effective governance.

As per the constitution, a Prime Minister must secure a vote of confidence within 30 days of appointment. Prime Minister Oli plans to take the vote on Sunday, as confirmed by Bartaula to ANI, stating it would bolster his confidence and enable him to work more effectively. On July 12, following Dahal's loss in a trust motion, President Paudel invited political parties to claim the Prime Minister's post under Article 76(2) of the Constitution. Oli, supported by the Nepali Congress and other minor parties, submitted signatures from 165 lawmakers asserting their majority support in parliament for his candidacy.

The Constitution of Nepal requires a Prime Minister to command the backing of at least 138 members in the 275-member House of Representatives to assume office. Additionally, the Prime Minister must secure a confidence vote within 30 days of appointment to demonstrate support. Oli first became Prime Minister in October 2015, shortly after the Constitution's enactment, and served until August 2016. Following the 2017 general election, he formed a government in February 2018, leveraging nationalist sentiments aligned with China, and remained in power until May 2021. Oli was reappointed Prime Minister in May 2021 under constitutional provision 76(3) as the parliamentary leader of the largest party.

During his tenure, Oli twice dissolved the Parliament, but the Supreme Court ordered its reinstatement. According to a July 2 agreement between Congress leader Deuba and UML chairman Oli, the two parties will govern on a rotational basis until the next general elections in 2027. However, this agreement has not yet been disclosed to the public.