A recent study has uncovered that at least 17% of women in the UAE experience postpartum depression (PPD) without any prior history of depression. This finding aligns with the observations of doctors in the UAE, who suggest that the actual prevalence could be even higher due to underreporting and the stigma associated with mental health issues.
A study published by Maastricht University, titled “Postpartum Depression in the UAE: Insights, Challenges, and Pathways to Support,” outlines that PPD is characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, low mood, loss of interest in activities, sleep disturbances, and changes in appetite. Additional symptoms include negative and guilty thoughts, difficulty concentrating and making decisions, lack of energy, extreme fatigue, excessive irritability or anger, and challenges in bonding with the baby.
The study also highlights that postpartum depression often goes undiagnosed, leading to a range of negative effects on the mother, infant, and family. Dr. Nada Omer, a Consultant Psychiatrist at Burjeel Hospital in Abu Dhabi, notes that some studies indicate higher numbers due to underreporting and stigma. She emphasizes that while some women seek help, significant barriers such as cultural stigma, lack of awareness, and limited access to mental health resources prevent many from doing so. Reports suggest that while some women voice their struggles, many remain silent due to fear of judgment.
Dr. Omer also warns that extreme despair associated with PPD can lead to serious outcomes, including maternal mortality through self-harm. In severe cases, mothers may even have thoughts of harming their baby, which can be distressing.
Experts stress that PPD presents itself in various forms, often being generalized as “depression.” Girish Hemnani, a life coach based in Dubai, explains that “Postpartum Blues” or “Baby Blues” involve mild mood swings, tearfulness, and anxiety within days of birth, typically resolving within two weeks. “Postpartum Depression” is more severe and long-lasting, emerging within weeks to months after childbirth. Symptoms include persistent sadness, loss of interest, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness, and difficulty bonding with the baby.
Hemnani further explains that “Postpartum Anxiety” is characterized by constant worry, panic attacks, or intrusive thoughts about potential harm to the baby. “Postpartum Psychosis,” a rare but critical condition, is marked by delusions, hallucinations, confusion, and thoughts of self-harm or harming the baby. Immediate intervention is crucial in such cases.
Postpartum depression can arise from several factors, including hormonal changes after childbirth that lead to mood swings and emotional instability. The physical and emotional demands of caring for a newborn, combined with sleep deprivation, can contribute to feelings of being overwhelmed.
Dr. Amal Hassan Abddelaziz, Consultant and Head of the Department at Thumbay University Hospital, emphasizes the importance of obstetricians screening all women during post-natal visits to explain what “baby blues” are and how to differentiate them from postpartum depression. She notes that women who lack support from their partners are about six times more likely to experience depression compared to those who have that support.
The transition to motherhood can be overwhelming, and the absence of a supportive partner can make this transition even more challenging. Neurobiological changes, such as hormone alterations and neurotransmitter imbalances, can worsen feelings of hopelessness. Healthcare professionals also highlight that breastfeeding plays a significant role in mental health, as it can help reduce symptoms of depression over time by lowering stress hormones.
Doctors play a vital role in identifying these symptoms early on and encouraging women to seek help. A combination of tailored approaches is needed to address the issue when symptoms appear and vary in severity. Seeking professional help is essential, with options including psychotherapy, support groups, and medication. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is particularly effective in helping mothers reframe negative thoughts and develop coping strategies. Support from family and friends is also crucial, and couples therapy may help improve communication and support between partners.
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