Medical professionals in the UAE are observing a notable increase in Croup cases, with young patients arriving at healthcare facilities reporting a distinctive 'barking' cough. Experts describe Croup, also referred to as croupy cough, as a respiratory infection typically triggered by a virus. This infection causes swelling within the trachea, disrupting normal breathing and resulting in the characteristic 'barking or brassy' cough.
Dr. Ignatiius Edwin D’souza, a consultant paediatrician and the chair of paediatrics and neonatology at Thumbay University Hospital, explained, “Croup is an acute upper respiratory condition frequently caused by viral infections, predominantly affecting young children. It involves inflammation of the upper airways, specifically the larynx and trachea, and is also known as laryngotracheitis; in more severe instances, it is termed laryngotracheobronchitis.” He further noted, “Typically, it starts at night, and due to the characteristic barking cough and stridor—a high-pitched wheezing sound during inhalation—which can sound alarming, parents often seek emergency care.”
However, healthcare providers also pointed out that upon examination in the emergency department, children with croup generally appear active and playful, maintaining normal oxygen saturation levels. But those exhibiting more severe symptoms require careful monitoring for a smooth recovery.
Medical experts emphasized that Croup is less frequent in children over six years old and typically occurs between September and March. Dr. Rain Sim (Dr. Nurain Sim), a consultant paediatrician at the International Modern Hospital in Dubai, stated, “When a child contracts a viral infection, inflammation can lead to swelling of the lining inside the throat tube. This narrowing can cause a bark-like cough when the child breathes in, especially when they cry or get upset. They may also experience fever, runny nose, and ear pain. The condition remains infectious if they have a fever.”
Healthcare professionals also stressed the importance of health maintenance as the season changes. Dr. Hassan Said Othman Badr, a consultant paediatrics at Zulekha Hospital Sharjah, noted, “The arrival of autumn, with cooler nighttime temperatures, combined with the start of the school year, contributes to a rising incidence of croup.”
While there is no vaccination for the 'Parainfluenza virus,' the most common cause of croup, Dr. Badr highlighted that the influenza vaccine, though not specifically designed to prevent croup, can help mitigate the overall severity of respiratory infections. “Influenza vaccines help reduce the croup caused by influenza viruses. Therefore, preventive measures are recommended,” he added.
Most children recover within two to seven days with over-the-counter symptom management. Dr. Badr advised, “Patients can take paracetamol or ibuprofen for fever or pain, stay hydrated, and focus on mashed foods/smoothies. Honey is soothing and a natural anti-inflammatory (only for children over 12 months), and using numbing/soothing throat spray or lozenges can alleviate symptoms.”
Importantly, they emphasize that simple hygiene practices can significantly reduce the risk of severe illness. Dr. D’souza stated, “Regular handwashing, avoiding close contact with individuals with respiratory infections or smokers, and maintaining good overall hygiene are essential practices to minimize the spread of viruses that cause croup. Additionally, ensuring children receive routine vaccinations, including the flu vaccine, may indirectly contribute to reducing the incidence and severity of illnesses that can lead to croup.”
