The planet has just witnessed its hottest day ever recorded, and extended heatwaves are now more frequent due to climate change, which can impact the stability and efficacy of medications. Here's what you should know about how medicines are affected by hot weather:
HOW DOES HEAT AFFECT MEDICINES? Heat can increase patients' sensitivity to temperature by affecting the body's ability to respond to high temperatures, such as sweating and blood flow. Heatwaves also pose a risk of degradation to almost all medications, including capsules, sprays, tablets, syrups, and more, if not stored within a specific temperature range. The impact of heat on medications can differ based on individual health, dosage, and environmental conditions. Patients are advised to consult with their doctors about possible dose adjustments or schedules during hot weather, and to stay cool by drinking plenty of fluids, using fans, and seeking shade or air conditioning.
WHAT MEDICATIONS ARE SENSITIVE TO HEAT? Certain medications, such as blood pressure and heart failure treatments like ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and beta blockers, can hinder the body's ability to regulate temperature and sweat. Over-the-counter antihistamines for allergies can reduce sweating, while some psychiatric medications limit sweating or increase it. Thyroid medications can also raise body temperature and impair regulation. It's crucial to store medications at a safe temperature, typically between 59-77 F (15-25 C), away from direct sunlight, as extreme temperatures can significantly affect drug efficacy.
SAFE TEMPERATURE RANGES FOR MEDICATION STORAGE: Medications generally should not be exposed to temperatures above 86 F (30 C) and should be kept in a cool, dry place. Specific storage guidelines can be found on manufacturers' websites. It's difficult to predict how much a medication will degrade in extreme temperatures as each drug is unique. Medicines should not be left in hot vehicles or mailboxes for extended periods. Companies like CVS Health and Amazon.com Pharmacy have implemented systems to protect medications from temperature extremes during shipping.
